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Drug Dependence and Toxicity of Law-Evading Drugs: Their Mechanisms Explored from Basic Research Masahiko Funada 1 1Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Keyword: 合成カンナビノイド , カチノン系化合物 , 細胞毒性 , 精神依存 , 薬物スクリーニング , synthetic cannabinoid , synthetic cathinone , cytotoxicity , psychic dependence , drug screening pp.1149-1158
Published Date 2016/10/1
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1416200568
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Abstract

The number of law-evading chemical substances that pose serious health risks to humans is increasing worldwide, including Japan and the Western world, and their abuse is becoming a serious social problem. Analysis of the chemical substances in these herbal products revealed the presence of synthetic cannabinoids. This review summarizes the pharmacological actions and dangers of chemical substances contained in law-evading herbal products by focusing on synthetic cannabinoids as a group of chemical substances contained in these products. We established a psychic-dependence liability and cytotoxicity screening system for synthetic cannabinoids by using animals and cell cultures. In a place-conditioning study, the synthetic cannabinoids produced a significant conditioned-place preference. The rewarding effects of synthetic cannabinoids were completely suppressed by a cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist. Administration of synthetic cannabinoids to primary striatal culture caused cell death in a dose-dependent manner. Our findings show that the CB1 receptor might be involved in the expression of synthetic cannabinoid-induced rewarding effect. These behavioral data indicate that synthetic cannabinoids have a psychic-dependence liability. Furthermore, our data from primary striatal culture indicate that synthetic cannabinoids have strong neurotoxicity. These behavioral and neurochemical data indicate that synthetic cannabinoids might have strong adverse effects and a psychic-dependence liability.


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電子版ISSN 1344-8129 印刷版ISSN 1881-6096 医学書院

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